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SQL>

這實際上就是無法通過口令文件驗證身份

4.假如丟失了passwdfile

假如你使用passwdfile后卻意外丟失，那么此時將不能啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫。

SQL> startup force;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 131142648 bytes

Fixed Size 451576 bytes

Variable Size 104857600 bytes

Database Buffers 25165824 bytes

Redo Buffers 667648 bytes

ORA-01990: error opening password file '/opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/orapw'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

我們可以通過orapwd重建口令文件來解決此問題

此處我們恢復(fù)口令文件就可以了

SQL> !

[oracle@jumper oracle]$ mv $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwhsjf.bak orapwhsjf

[oracle@jumper oracle]$ exit

exit

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL>

5. remote_login_passwordfile = shared

Oracle9i文檔說明:

SHARED

More than one database can use a password file. However, the only user recognized by the password file is SYS.

 --多個數(shù)據(jù)庫可以共享一個口令文件,但是只可以識別一個用戶:SYS

 SQL> select * from v$pwfile_users;

USERNAME SYSDB SYSOP

------------------------------ ----- -----

SYS TRUE TRUE

SQL> grant sysdba to eygle;

grant sysdba to eygle

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01994: GRANT failed: cannot add users to public password file

 SQL> show parameter password

NAME TYPE VALUE

---------------------- ----------- ----------------------------

remote_login_passwordfile string SHARED

　　大家可以發(fā)現(xiàn),此時的口令文件中是不能添加用戶的。很多人可能會問：口令文件的缺省名稱是orapw,如何才能共享?

　　其實Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫在啟動時,首先查找的是orapw的口令文件,假如該文件不存在,則開始查找,orapw的口令文件。如果口令文件命名為orapw,多個數(shù)據(jù)庫就可以共享。

再來看一下測試:

[oracle@jumper dbs]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Jul 6 09:40:34 2004

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options

JServer Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> !

[oracle@jumper dbs]$ ls

hsjf initdw.ora inithsjf.ora init.ora lkHSJF orapwhsjf spfilehsjf.ora

[oracle@jumper dbs]$ mv orapwhsjf orapwhsjf.bak

[oracle@jumper dbs]$ exit

exit

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 235999908 bytes

Fixed Size 451236 bytes

Variable Size 201326592 bytes

Database Buffers 33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers 667648 bytes

ORA-01990: error opening password file '/opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/orapw'

--它是最后查找的文件

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

建立orapw口令文件,此時可以打開數(shù)據(jù)庫。

SQL> !

[oracle@jumper dbs]$ ls

hsjf initdw.ora inithsjf.ora init.ora lkHSJF orapwhsjf.bak spfilehsjf.ora